esp32 modbus bridge. The W5500 chip is a Hardwired TCP/IP embedded Ethernet controller that provides an easier Internet connection to embedded systems. esp32 modbus bridge

 
The W5500 chip is a Hardwired TCP/IP embedded Ethernet controller that provides an easier Internet connection to embedded systemsesp32 modbus bridge With modbus RTU you can not connect to the Fusion solar app and with modbus RTU at the same time

to UART Bridge Controller. . The second will receive this packet and measure the signal strength in dB, which will show on the. ESP8266 is configured to route between the two protocols records in upcoming tutorials is implemented in SCADA Industrial. mp3 audio file from the file system, sound is played in a separate task not blocking the system: I2SRtttl: string = play Ring Tones Text Transfer Language. I have done different projects like this without using bridge. Most complete Modbus library for Arduino. 0. By default Tasmota uses the ADC pin to read voltage. ESP32 Flowmeter and RS485 Modbus. Basically I want the functionality of being able to have devices connect to the ESP32 and for them to have internet through the ESP32. Onboard LED. Bluetooth Low Energy Sensors~ Different vendors offer Bluetooth solutions, mostly as part of the Xiaomi brand, often under the Mijia label. 7. Configuring ESP8266/ESP32 as a TCP server using sockets. DAC GPIOs~ DAC is limited to specific GPIOs: ESP32: only GPIO 25-26; ESP32-S2: only GPIO 17-18An Espressif ESP-Modbus Library (esp-modbus) is a library to support Modbus communication in the networks based on RS485 or Ethernet interfaces. noobmastha November 17, 2023, 8:58am 10. You can access the coils and registers from your slave ModBUS device as sensors, switches or various other ESPHome components and present them to your favorite Home Automation system. This should help to solve the issue. Key Features: It supports industrial voltage levels up to 6 - 35Vdc. For our example AHT25, the address might get confused with the VEML6070 UV sensor. IP-side responses and receives data from/to local registers. Adapt your wifi settings in the secrets. This tutorial focuses on the pinout of the ESP32 development board, specifically the ESP32 devkit that incorporates the ESP-WROOM-32 module. The detail instruction, code, wiring diagram,. The BH1750 is a digital ambient light sensor module which uses I 2 C to communicate. Documentation: Real Implementation: Test 1: ESP32 Code Bridge Mode USB to Serial. built for the Arduino framework for ESP32. Using Arduino Programming Questions. Open the "Connection" menu in the software and select. ESP-Modbus. 0. Each HC-SR04 module includes an ultrasonic transmitter, a receiver and a control circuit. 625º—so it needs 360º/5. But this project lets you paint. Reset the device and connect to it via console. MODBUS help needed - Ampinvt solar controller to Home Assistant via ESPhome. You can skip the introduction sections and go directly to Section Start Application Development. On ESP32, PWM phases are by default distributed one after the other to minimize effect on power supply. We tested the 433 MHz as well. Star 10. Modbus Client aka Master for ESP32; built for the Arduino framework for ESP32; non blocking API. Tuya-Convert is the most successful method of flashing Tuya modules without opening the device and soldering. I'm trying to communicate over modbus with a ESP32-WROOM-32D but I keep getting crashes while trying to read it. 7. Actually, this project is far beyond being a simple serial bridge as it also manages MQTT client pub/sub and REST HTTP requests in order to connect the MCU to the internet. The Modbus serial communication protocol is de facto standard protocol widely used to connect industrial electronic devices. Tutorials: IoT, ESP32, PLC, SCADA, Python Node-RED, Rpi, Arduino, ESP8266, LoRaWAN and Open Source pdacontrolen. After Saving the settings, the WEMOS reboots with the Generic configuration. . {"payload":{"allShortcutsEnabled":false,"fileTree":{"src":{"items":[{"name":"util","path":"src/util","contentType":"directory"},{"name":"ModbusMaster. So, reading through the linked post again and trying to figure out the rest of teh custom command, I changed that section to read: - platform: modbus_controller modbus_controller_id: ampinvt name: "Battery Voltage" id: battery_voltage # custom_command to read Ampinvt registers # device slave address: 0x01 # master. ESP32 microcontroller、 microSD card slot、USB-C、extension connectors. Here, a single serial cable linking the serial ports on two devices will be the simplest configuration. Not only can it be used to monitor the RS485 bus, but it can also be used with your PC and a Modbus app to talk to the sensor. 625º = 64 steps in half-step mode. Normal Sleep is ENABLED. CAN Bus Modules. Hello there, Thanks for an amazing workaround on providing Modbus RTU support for ESP32. 625°/64 in half-step mode. For example, the groov EPIC from Opto22 can support the ability to talk Modbus TCP protocol on the southbound, convert that to MQTT, and then send the data through an MQTT client to an MQTT broker. Most complete Modbus library for Arduino. Since ESP-IDF version v5. This is a *perfect* candidate for an ESP32/8266, writing a SCPI translation layer would be a fun project. Different vendors offer Bluetooth solutions, mostly as part of the Xiaomi brand, often under the Mijia label. 3V from Sonoff to 5V TTL terminal of the PZEM and the resistor mod explained in the above images. 625º—so it needs 360º/5. ModbusRTU, ModbusTCP and ModbusTCP Security. 15 but may be reconfigured by setting the value of SetOption60 accordingly. This is my master init code: Code: [Select all] [Expand/Collapse] // Modbus master initialization. Tasmota and the esp32-modbus-gateway expose web interfaces so you. Branches Tags. Basically all of them use the so-called "MiBeacons" which are BLE advertisement. This automation will be triggered when a CAN frame is received. e. 0 A to Micro B Cable. Since. Cut power from the device completely for 30 seconds. See moredesigned for ESP32, various interfaces supported; async versions run also on ESP8266; non blocking / asynchronous API; server, client and bridge modes; TCP (Ethernet, WiFi. Step 3: Prepare Device and Connect to It. All I need now is a library for ESP32 Modbus Client (Arduino Framework) and an example program. Supports Modbus TCP Security for ESP8266/ESP32. You connect the device to a ESP8266/ESP32 and Tasmota will bridge between serial and network. The figure below illustrates an example mapping of a device’s data to the four types of registers. USB connector for easy. IR Remote driver enables sending IR codes through an IR transmitter and receiving them through an IR receiver via IRremoteESP8266 library. This post should help out. Supports Modbus TCP Security for ESP8266/ESP32. I have done some stuff with Modbus and found it funny the PSU comes with a Modbus server built in If. Homebridge is a NodeJS server which emulates the iOS HomeKit API to enable support for non-native devices (like Sonoff and Magichome devices). not able to find an example/tutorial for the ESP32 working as a Modbus TCP server. UART is a common serial protocol for a lot of devices. In 2010, after years of debate, the City of Victoria. It allows to control either a Light, or a WS2812 Matrix/Strip with. Upload modbus_mqtt_publisher. This is a video of the Johnson Street bridge in Victoria opening up for a tug and a Lafarge barge. Support for Modbus bridge adding commands ModbusSend, ModbusBaudrate and. Register table is here: Modbus RS485. Reset the device and connect to it via console. ESP32 Bluetooth Networking Examples 3. See datasheet for more information. Step 4: Circuit Connection and Modbus Slave Software Configuration. 2 documentation » API Reference » Application Protocols » ESP-Modbus Edit on GitHub ESP-Modbus ¶. The device requesting the information is called the Modbus Master and the devices supplying information are Modbus Slave. g. PC with Linux operating system RS-232/RS-485 port in your computer or USB to RS-232/RS-485 converter Ask Question Step 1: Download and Start Modbus TCP Slave. I have 4 ESP32 as MODBUS TCP and 1 ESP32 as a repeater, this set is repeated for 3 floors, one floor has to connect to the other, similar to a wifi repeater but within the same IP range. Hello everyone, I have some communication problems between ESP32 and Arduino Nano via IC MAX485 and with the use of the Modbus protocol, I would like some help from you. Handle the onbaord LED on a BE32-01, ESP32 or ESP8266 as well as Neopixel LEDs. These include: ESP32; Node-RED; Solar Assistant (a commercial application)Handle the onbaord LED on a BE32-01, ESP32 or ESP8266 as well as Neopixel LEDs. See this table for a list of supported bit rates by the internal CAN (TWAI) controllers of different ESP32 variants. Its goal was to provide ESP8266 based ITEAD Sonoff devices with MQTT and 'Over the Air' or OTA. ESP-Modbus component. Command. Most builds support only the common IR protocols, but tasmota. , China and the measurement method used is based on the non-dispersive infrared ( NDIR) principle to detect the existence of CO 2 in the air. Secure sensor and gateway platform based on ESP8266 and ESP32. Hello. If the above does not help, please set log verbosity to debug and send me the log of Modbus master. png","path":"Node-red/Screenshot. 168. Please try to increase response time in the Kconfig Modbus configuration (FMB_MASTER_TIMEOUT_MS_RESPOND). The 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor has a stride angle of 5. 4 digital input ports are isolated. temperature change >= 0. This feature is included only in tasmota-sensors. Every Tasmota device has some components configured by. This means that the motor has a step angle of 5. This library implements the Modbus protocol over two different types of transport: serial communication over RS485 with RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) or Ethernet and WiFi communication with TCP protocol. This is also mandatory for H-Bridge devices. modbus 提供了一些常见的读写操作功能码. 625°/64 in half-step mode. When the server is requested by a client, like a computer connected to the same WiFi connection, it returns an HTML page. Step 3: Prepare Device and Connect to It. beep (f l) (ESP32) beeps with a passive piezo beeper. ESP32 MODBUS descriptor CID field issue. Connect the Modbus device to an ESP and Tasmota will create a bridge to the Modbus network. This chip enables to use JTAG for direct debugging of ESP32 through the USB interface without a separate JTAG debugger. I tried to merge Serial master and TCP master projects. Establishing a serial connection with the ESP32-S2 target device could be done using USB-to-UART bridge or USB peripheral supported in ESP32-S2. DAC GPIOs~ DAC is limited to specific GPIOs: ESP32: only GPIO 25-26; ESP32-S2: only GPIO 17-18Also works with ModBus Bridge <port>, [<ipaddress>] = Start listening to port. Hanging 160 feet above the canyon, the bridge is part of the trail. The Modbus is a master-slave protocol used in industrial automation and also can be used in other areas, such as home automation. Supports network transport (Modbus TCP) and Serial line/RS-485 (Modbus RTU). All the regular UART. Find this and. Connect the PC to the same router which ESP32 is connected to. DFRobot Aug 09 2017 3827. Reads Deye solar inverter metrics using Modbus over TCP and publishes them over MQTT. ArtNet is a royalty-free UDP based protocol to transport DMX lighting control. I have 4 ESP32 as MODBUS TCP and 1 ESP32 as a repeater, this set is repeated for 3 floors, one floor has to connect to the other, similar to a wifi repeater but within the same IP range. MCP230XX I/O Expander - I²C Bus. It has to read and write registers. It makes access to the underside of the serial. The USB-RS485 dongle is very useful in these situations. non blocking API. Optou-se por utilizar os termos usados no Modbus para os métodos da biblioteca, assim, convém esclarecer os nomes dos tipos de registradores: STACK & PLAY. The Internet of Things with ESP32 -- the Wi-Fi and Bluetooth system on a chip! Features/Specs: Community: Readings/Videos:. Most complete Modbus protocol implementation for Arduino. See Sleep Modes for these sleep modes and sub sleep modes. Turn on the Wi-Fi and BluetoothArtNet DMX. " GitHub is where people build software. local domain!); Port = your MQTT broker port (default port is set to 1883); Client = device's. Automations:¶ on_frame (Optional, Automation): An automation to perform when a CAN frame is received. Hello. Modbus Bridge. microSD card slot. In the Configuration -> Configure Module page, select Module Type: "18 Generic". We connect Arduino pin 2 to a push button. bin is needed for this to work. Standard 5×5cm functionally stacking modularized components hardware system. Modbus allows communication among many devices connected to the same network, for example, a system that measures temperature and humidity and communicates the results to a computer. PDAControl Present. Connect the MAX 485 driver's A & B pins with the A & B pins of USB to the RS-485 module. I need some advice on how to get Modbus working between 2 or more devices. 4 GHz Wi-Fi and Bluetooth 5 (LE) with a long-range support. It has 22 programmable GPIOs with support for ADC, SPI, UART, I2C, I2S, RMT, TWAI, and PWM. First assign two GPIOs to ModBR Tx and ModBR Rx in the "Configure. After compiling and flashing you will find a new entry in Tasmota webUI: Consoles - Manage File system. Crowtail Breakout Boards. Starting with version 10. zohair7 May 20, 2021, 6:23am 1. This means that the shaft (visible. The detail instruction, code, wiring diagram, video tutorial, line-by-line code explanation are provided to help you quickly get started with ESP32. Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) is often used to control and monitor these systems. Start the serial master and slave examples: examplesprotocolsmodbusserial* and make sure they can communicate each other. For Modbus protocol specifications, please refer to the Modbus. The sections below represent typical programming workflow for the slave API which should be called in following order: Modbus Port Initialization - Initialization of Modbus controller interface for the selected port. This automation will be triggered when a CAN frame is received. -, while the library will take care of the communication part. ESP32. According to the features used by an application, there are some sub sleep modes. IP-side responses and receives data. modbus常用16进制表示. Ao optar por Modbus Serial ou Modbus IP você deve incluir o cabeçalho correspondente e o cabeçalho da biblioteca base em seu sketch, Ex: ``` #include #include ``` . The Modbus is a data communications protocol originally published by Modicon (now Schneider Electric) in 1979 for use with its programmable logic controllers (PLCs). This example demonstrates how to interact with the onboard LED on the BE32-01. But I need to add it to the software via modbus over LAN/Wifi. 4, TLS now support dual mode, depending of the value of SetOption132: SetOption132 0 (default): the server's identity is checked against pre-defined Certificate Authorities. Modbus TCP esp32 WiFi. Attached is the KiCad file for the PCB I designed, Arduino IDE program, and RedLion HMI screen shots of how it is configured. This is a non blocking Modbus client (master) for ESP32. IR Remote driver enables sending IR codes through an IR transmitter and receiving them through an IR receiver via IRremoteESP8266 library. Step 4: Set up Modbus to MQTT converter. [中文] The Espressif ESP-Modbus Library (esp-modbus) supports Modbus communication in the networks based on RS485, Wi-Fi, and Ethernet interfaces. Change your modbus poll with odd/even parity. Component is anything wired to the ESP8266/ESP8285 chip to be controlled by or send data to it. ESP32 hardware serial test on Serial1 and Serial2 Serial Txd is on pin: 1 Serial Rxd is on pin: 3 Serial1 Txd1 is on pin: 13 Serial1 Rxd1 is on pin: 12 Serial2 Txd2 is on pin: 15 Serial2 Rxd2 is on pin: 16 Serial2 = 1TestSerial1 Serial1 = 2TestSerial2. IR Remote. The PZEM-016 meter Modbus RTU slave (RS485), meter response. bin and tasmota-lite. . WIFI bridge. If it does not help I can provide the Modbus patch for v4. The Modbus protocol allows devices to map data to four types of registers (Holding, Input, Discrete, Coil). Modbus Library for Arduino. 102, and the port is 8080. Board: ESP32 Development Board ESP32 core: 1. As described on the article ESP32 programming, Arduino - install requirements, my first goal was to read out a TUF-2000M Ultrasonic Flow Meter via an ESP32. An Espressif ESP-Modbus Library (esp-modbus) is a library to support Modbus communication in the networks based on RS485 or Ethernet interfaces. Ethernet 100Mb interface. Bridge: Enables the communication between the Linux processor and the microcontroller. Modbus Client aka Master for ESP32. 168. Alternatives There are several alternative ways to access your inverter data. Alternatives There are several alternative ways to access your inverter data. I am looking forward to. your sensor reads) and also to gather data (polling) from mqtt (ie. Callbacks are provided to prepare or receive the responses. serial esp32 modbus mesh mcu modbus-rtu espnow node-espnow Updated Mar 22, 2021; C; jonshaw199 / af1 Star 4. Download modbus_mqtt_publisher. You switched accounts on another tab or window. If you flashed a precompiled binary you can reconfigure the device. ESP32 Dual core, WiFi, BLE. The ESP32 bridged mode addresses frames between Serial to Serial2,. TLS Secured MQTT. Blocking code is in a seperate task. A generic firmware for an ESP32 to be used as a Modbus TCP/IP gateway for any modbus RTU device. 0. MAX485 TTL To RS485 >> DE >> GPIO32 of ESP32; MODBUS Pin Configuration & Initialization with STEP 7-200. yaml code: esphome: name: m5stack-fire platform: ESP32 board: m5stack-core-esp32 # Enable logging logger: # Enable Home Assistant API api: ota: password: "xxx" wifi: ssid: "xxx" password: "xxx" # Enable. Now I want to connect the meter with RS485 to USB converter and read it using the modbus integration of home assistant. Provides 2cm to 300cm of non-contact measurement functionality with a ranging accuracy that can reach up to 3mm. 3 V AMS1117 LDO (power supply), and a 5 V power indicator LED. 4 GHz Wi-Fi-and-Bluetooth SoC (System On a Chip) designed by Espressif Systems. master. Time Proportioned Output Fork. Find this and. I have the following test config: modbus: -. I need to run RTU + TCP modbus master at the same time on my device. examples/4g_hotspot: ESP-IoT-Bridge device can be equipped with a mobile network module with a SIM card and then convert the cellular network into a Wi-Fi signal. My sample modbus server consists of an Arduino Uno, connected to a RS485-to-TTL converter half-duplex with auto-direction. Supports network transport (Modbus TCP) and Serial line/RS-485 (Modbus RTU). 3 V voltage regulator modules are needed. Open your Arduini IDE and go to File > new and create a new sketch. ESP32 POE board as a Modbus server to a Siemens PLC. Each UART controller is independently configurable with parameters such as baud rate, data bit length, bit ordering, number of stop bits, parity bit, etc. A library that allows your Arduino board to communicate via Modbus protocol, acting as a master, slave or both. Is this bridge (RTU client => ESP32 BRIDGE => TCP server) correct for this. Therefore my "sender" node will be connected to the mesh, and will also be connected as Client. The Overview, Messaging. Tasmota compatible plugins have been developed by macwyznawca and arachnetech as well as others to add support for these devices in Apple's Home app and through iCloud for. Could not load tags. Pull requests. pdf. 5. Code Issues Pull requests Arduino/ESP32 Framework Websocket Client (w/ MQTT Support) ESP-Now. void setup () { Serial. Hello, I have a problem with ESP32. The biggest problem is that the voltage levels for RS-485 are way different than what you have on an ESP32 so you need an interfacing chip like an MAX485. ESP32-GATEWAY and ESP32-GATEWAY-EA should be used in the commercial temperature range 0-70C. Beta Was this translation helpful? Give feedback. I explain in detail where I have problems: I'm using a 38 PIN ESP32 WROOM 32 as Master in a project I made with Arduino Nano V3. Both work fine. non-oxygen dependent. PC or MCU can connect with the ESP-IoT-Bridge device through multiple interfaces (USB/SPI/SDIO) to gain internet access. I’ve been working on a project to send data from mesh network to a Windows Server via TCP/IP protocol. Name: fill in the name of the device, such as "modbus-tcp-1"; Plugin: select the plugin Modbus TCP from the drop-down box. Computer running Windows, Linux, or macOS. 168. Learn: How to use ESP32 Modbus library, what is Modbus, why needs Modbus, how Modbus works, how many types of Modbus, and Modbus RTU/ASCII, Modbus TCP. After looking at the options available, we settled on using an ESP32 WiFi module as a bridge between the Modbus interfaces on the Solis inverter and energy. DFRobot FireBeetle series is the low-power consumption micro-controller intentionally designed for Internet of Things (IoT) projects. Change the baud rate to 19200 bps. commands for your actuators) You do not need to put code in your. ) Below are implementation notes to understand and. In the configuration menu, select South Devices to enter the South Devices interface. g. Therefore my "sender" node will be connected to the mesh, and will also be. With this version, the mains power reverts to solder rails directly on the PCB. Switch branches/tags. 102, and the port is 8080. 2 board. While #define USE_MODBUS_BRIDGE should indeed be default for the ESP32 base build, that does not mean that #define USE_MODBUS_BRIDGE_TCP is included too. Here, a single serial cable linking the serial ports on two devices will be the simplest configuration. The Modbus serial communication protocol is de facto standard protocol widely used to connect industrial electronic devices. This project periodically sends batch of messages to TCP server. We will create an example project by interfacing a RS485. pdf. bin. 2023-06-08 16:44:37: Connecting bridge SolarAssistant (192. The sensors supported by Tasmota use BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) to transmit the sensor data, but they differ in their accessibilities quite substantially. This is the ultimate IoT board with wired 100Mb Ethernet Interface, Bluetooth LE, and WiFi. The MicroPython script that follows configures ESP8266 as a TCP server. Based on the painlessMesh wiki you have different options to communicate to another node from out of. This feature is included only in tasmota-sensors and tasmota32 binaries. The esp32_camera_web_server component allows you to use expose web server of ESP32-based camera boards in ESPHome that directly can be integrated into external surveillance or PVR software. h and compile Tasmota. For ESP32 Bluetooth go here. Open the "Connection" menu in the software and. 3V DC (5V DC with <20mV ripple advised) Power consumption: 70mA ±10mA (in operation), <4mA (laser and fan sleep mode) Measuring range: 0. [中文] The Espressif ESP-Modbus Library (esp-modbus) supports Modbus communication in the networks based on RS485, Wi-Fi, and Ethernet interfaces. This is the board layout for the third design iteration of the Sonoff Basic. 0. 2 ports 0-10V ADC 16bit. You should see a response giving you. nikito7 September 10, 2022, 3:30pm 2. It has to read and write registers. For example, the groov EPIC from Opto22 can support the ability to talk Modbus TCP protocol on the southbound, convert that to MQTT, and then send the data through an MQTT client to an MQTT broker. - GitHub - emelianov/modbus-esp8266: Most complete. TCA9548A I²C. Power supply 4 to 35V DC. Modbus allows communication among many devices connected to the same network, for example, a system that measures temperature and humidity and communicates the results to a computer. client esp8266 tcp server ascii esp32 modbus bridge rs485 linux-client rtu Updated Oct 8, 2023; C++; OpenIBC / Ohsce Star 211. Code samples are provided for opening, closing, configuring, reading, and writing to a COM port in Windows 10 and lat-er. Easy Deployment with multifunctional BASE. One of the most well-known (appeared on Hackaday’s blog) and well-designed projects to make ESP8266 as a WiFi-UART bridge is jeelabs’s esp-link. Nothing to show {{ refName }} default View all branches. Data source is a controller for an electric wall charger (with modbus 485). Modbus Bridge ; OpenTherm ; RF Communication ; Serial to TCP Bridge ; Zigbee ; Smart Meter Interface ; Thermostat ; Timers ; TLS Secured MQTT ; TuyaMCU ; Universal File System ; Wi-Fi Range Extender ; Projects and. 0-999. I made this project in order to connect Flight equipment devices devices like (Radio, Vario FLARM), to a Flight. assembly September 10, 2022, 3:50pm 3. Hi guys, i’m new in PlatformIO forum. Modbus Library for Arduino. Using Arduino Programming Questions. I am using Modbus TCP/IP communication protocol to have my job done. Contribute to zivillian/esp32-modbus-gateway development by creating an account on GitHub. UART Bus. immoos October 5, 2022, 11:23pm 1. Learn communication between two ESP32 via WiFi, how to connect two ESP32 via Internet, how to connect two ESP32 wired or wireless, how to control LED on an ESP32 by a button in other ESP32. It is an interesting display of engineering, and shows the. The 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor has a stride angle of 5. Once Tasmota is flashed on the TYWE3S, just disconnect GND -> GPIO0 (and RST if there is an MCU), and power your device again from USB. on_frame Trigger¶. {"payload":{"allShortcutsEnabled":false,"fileTree":{"ESP32/main":{"items":[{"name":"CMakeLists. 0. Issues Pull requests A HDMI-CEC to MQTT bridge for connecting HDMI-CEC-devices to. In a previous blog post, we used a Raspberry Pi to set up a monitoring system for our Solis PV inverter. void* master_handler = NULL; We have configured a module ESP8266 12E NodeMCU as Master Modbus RTU serial via RS232 (CHIP MAX232) to request and send data to a GT01 Industrial Screen Panasonic brand, the reference I have is fed to 5V, The same ESP module is configured as an MQTT client, The routine created in Arduino IDE bridges Modbus read and write registers in this case "Holding Registers" and by the MQTT subscribing. Hello everyone, this is my first post in Arduino Forum, and I am quite a beginner in using RS485 sensors, as I am having some trouble understanding Modbus RTU. This means that the motor has a step angle of 5.